Class: Local Anesthetics
VA Class: CN204
CAS Number: 6108-05-0
Brands: Xylocaine, Xylocaine Dental
Introduction
Intermediate-acting local anesthetic (amide type).
Uses for Lidocaine (Local)
Local or Regional Anesthesia
Local or regional anesthesia in surgical procedures (including oral surgery), diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and obstetrical procedures.
Lidocaine (Local) Dosage and Administration
General
Determine dosage based on type and extent of surgical procedure, area to be anesthetized, vascularity of tissues, depth and duration of anesthesia, degree of muscular relaxation, and condition of the patient. Use lowest concentration and smallest dose required to produce the desired effect.
Administration
Injection
For solution and drug compatibility information, see Compatibility under Stability.
Administer by local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, paracervical block, sympathetic nerve block, central neural block (e.g., epidural block), caudal block, or subarachnoid (spinal) block. Has been administered by continuous intra-articular infusion† (e.g., for control of postoperative pain); however, such use associated with chondrolysis. (See Risk of Chondrolysis Associated with Intra-articular Infusions of Local Anesthetics under Cautions.)
Consult specialized references for specific techniques and procedures for administering local anesthetics.
For IV regional anesthesia, use 50-mL single-dose vials containing lidocaine hydrochloride 0.5% only.
For paracervical block, inject slowly; allow a 5-minute interval between sides.
For caudal or lumbar epidural block, avoid rapid injection of large volumes; when feasible, administer in fractional (incremental) doses.
For epidural or spinal block, avoid using preparations containing antimicrobial preservatives (e.g., methylparaben), since safety o...
