Class: Osmotic Diuretics
- Osmotic Diuretics
- Diuretics, Osmotic
VA Class: CV709
CAS Number: 69-65-8
Brands: Osmitrol
Introduction
An osmotic diuretic.
Uses for Mannitol
Oliguric Acute Renal Failure
Used to promote diuresis for the prevention and/or treatment of the oliguric phase of acute renal failure, which may occur after massive hemorrhage, trauma, shock, burns, transfusion reactions caused by mismatched blood, or major surgery before there is evidence of tubular necrosis or multiple vascular thrombosis.
Has been used to reduce nephrotoxicity caused by amphotericin B.
Has no effect and may be harmful if used after tubular necrosis and irreversible renal failure become established.
Reduction of Intracranial Pressure
Used prior to and during neurosurgery to reduce greatly increased intracranial pressure and for the treatment of cerebral edema. Also may be used for early treatment of cerebral edema in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or in those in hypoglycemic coma who fail to respond to increases of blood glucose concentrations.
Reduction of Intraocular Pressure
Used to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) when the pressure cannot be lowered by other means. Especially useful for treating acute episodes of angle-closure, absolute, or secondary glaucoma and for lowering IOP prior to intraocular surgery.
Urinary Excretion of Toxins
Used alone or with other diuretics (e.g., furosemide, ethacrynic acid) to promote the urinary excretion of toxins (e.g., aspirin or other salicylates, some barbiturates, bromides, imipramine) as an adjunct to usual treatment regimens in patients with severe intoxications.
Transurethral Prostatic Resection and Transurethral Prostatectomy
Used as an irrigating solution in transurethral prostatic resection to minimize the hemolytic effects of water, the entrance of hemolyzed blood into the circulation, and the resulting hemoglobinemia which is considered a major fact.
